Haeba u tsamaisa feme, hotele, ntlo ea polokelo, projeke ea ho paka, kapa u haha projeke ea nakoana sebakeng se hole, ka sebele u tla fumana--
Tšebeliso ea hona joale ea motlakase e tšoenyehile ho feta nako leha e le efe e fetileng.
Litheko tsa motlakase li ntse li phahama selemo le selemo, 'me litheko tse phahameng tsa motlakase li etsa hore phaello e koetsoe ka khutso;
Marang-rang a matla a tsamaea nako le nako, ho tima lisebelisoa, ho lieha ho laela, basebetsi ba emetse mosebetsi ...
Morero o ka thōko o na le mathata le ho feta - marang-rang a matla a ke ke a kopanngoa ho hang, 'me morero o qobelloa ho lieha khafetsa.
Ha ho makatse hore ebe likhoebo tse ngata li ile tsa qala ho botsa:
"Na ho na le moralo oo re ka o hlahisang ka khotso ea kelello ntle le ho itšetleha ka marang-rang a matla?"
Ke ka lebaka lena Commercial Off-grid Solar System e tummeng.
I. Ke hobane'ng ha likhoebo li hloka mekhoa ea khoebo ntle le marang-rang ho feta leha e le neng pele?
Litsamaiso tsa khoebo tse kantle ho marang-rang ha se "mofuta o atolositsoeng" oa sistimi e kantle ho grid, empa ke sete sa tharollo ea matla e etselitsoeng maemo a khoebo ka ho khetheha--
E tsitsitse haholoanyane, e matla haholoanyane, 'me e ka tsamaisa ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ea lisebelisoa, e ka fokotsang kotsi ea litšenyehelo tsa matla tsa likhoebo.
Ka mantsoe a mang, sete ea litsamaiso tsa khoebo tsa off-grid li rarolla lintlha tse tharo tse bohloko tsa likhoebo tsa kajeno:
Litheko tse phahameng tsa motlakase → Ho theko e tlaase ebile ho laoleha haholoanyane ho sebelisa motlakase oa hau
Letlapa la matla ha le tsitsa → lisebelisoa li ke ke tsa emisoa, 'me taelo e ke ke ea ema
Kaho libakeng tse se nang motlakase → Kaho e ka qalisoa ka kotloloho ntle le ho itšetleha ka marang-rang a motlakase
Haeba mathata ana a u khathatsa, joale tsoela pele ho sheba fatše, 'me u tla fumana tharollo e etsang hore khoebo e tsitsa, e be le moruo le e ikemetseng.
II. Sisteme ea letsatsi ea khoebo e kantle ho grid ke eng? Ke sistimi ea mofuta ofe eo khoebo e e hlokang?
Sistimi ea solar e kantle ho grid ea khoebo ke sete ea lisebelisoa tsa ho fehla matla le polokelo ea matla tse sa itšetleheng ka marang-rang ho hang, tseo hangata li nang le likarolo tse latelang:
1. Lebelo la khoebo la photovoltaic array (20–500kWp)
Sebelisa likarolo tsa mofuta oa N tse sebetsang hantle haholo
Liforeimi, libakete le likhoele kaofela li hloka boemo ba indasteri.
Ts'ehetsa moralo oa sebaka se seholo le phano e potlakileng
2. Sistimi ea polokelo ea matla ea indasteri le ea khoebo (50–500kWh kapa e etselitsoeng motho)
Ena ke motheo oa tsamaiso ea khoebo ea off-network, e ikarabellang bakeng sa 40% -60% ea litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso.
litlhokahalo:
Betri ea lithium ea bophelo bo bolelele (LFP)
Sistimi ea ho futhumatsa metsi (fokotsa phapang ea mocheso le ho lelefatsa bophelo)
Matla a ho ntša a phahameng
Sistimi ea Tsamaiso ea Ts'ireletso (BMS)
Kemiso ea matla ea EMS e bohlale
3. Inverter ea indasteri le ea khoebo / PCS (20–500kW)
E sebelisetsoa ho fetola matla pakeng tsa matla a letsatsi, libeteri le meroalo.
Litlhokahalo tsa li-inverters tsa off-grid tsa khoebo:
Tšehetsa "moroalo oa mekhahlelo e meraro"
Ho qala pompo ea indasteri
Phetoho e iketsang
Bokhoni ba ho qala ba batsho
4. Sistimi ea ho kenya le ho beha leihlo e hlophisitsoeng
ho akarelletsa le:
Khabinete ea kabo ea matla
Moqhekelli
Thepa e tšoanang
Sethala sa ho beha leihlo (APP + Web)
5. Na e ka khaoloa ka ho feletseng ho marang-rang a matla? E ka matha nako e kae?
Karabo: E, empa ho itšetlehile ka matla a ho boloka matla.
Hangata e khethoa e le:
Motšehare: phepelo ea matla a letsatsi + ho tjhaja betri
Bosiu: polokelo ea matla le phepelo ea motlakase
Matsatsi a lipula: tšehetso ea polokelo ea matla (e ka ba le enjene e eketsehileng ea diesel e le "boemo ba maemo a tšohanyetso").
Bakeng sa libaka tse nang le litheko tse phahameng tsa motlakase, litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso li ka tlase ho 60% ho feta tsa lienjine tsa diesel.
III. Litšenyehelo tsa sistimi e kantle ho grid ke bokae?
Lintlha tse latelang ke karohano ea litšenyehelo le mefuta e fapaneng ea tekanyetso (ho ipapisitsoe le maemo a indasteri):
1. Sebopeho sa Litšenyehelo
Tlhaloso ea Karolo ea Karolo
PV Modules 20% - 30% ea mofuta oa N-module tse sebetsang hantle haholo, meaho e ntseng e hola, mehala, joalo-joalo.
Indasteri le Khoebo ESS 40% - 60% Karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso; libeteri tse pholileng ka metsi li tura haholo empa li tšoarella nako e telele
Industrial Inverter 10% - 20% PCS, molaoli, tsamaiso ea kabo
Civil Works & Installation 10% - 20% Kaho ea Motheo, basebetsi, khomishene le khokahanyo ea marang-rang
Smart Monitoring System 5% sethaleng sa EMS le ho kopanya tsamaiso
2. Litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa litsamaiso tsa litekanyo tse fapaneng
✔ 50kW + 100kWh polokelo ea matla
→ E loketse: liteishene tsa puisano, lifeme tse nyane
→ Lethathamo la tekanyetso: USD 65,000 - 85,000
✔ 100kW + 250kWh polokelo ea matla
→ E loketse: mapolasi, lipompo, libaka tsa polokelo ea thepa
→ Lethathamo la tekanyetso: USD 110,000 - 160,000
✔ 250kW + 500kWh polokelo ea matla
→ E loketse: libaka tsa merafo, liindasteri tsa tlhahiso, libaka tsa phomolo
→ Lethathamo la tekanyetso: USD 260,000 - 380,000
✔ 500kW + 1MWh polokelo ea matla
→ E loketse: litsi tsa indasteri tse kholo le tse batang
→ Lethathamo la tekanyetso: USD 540,000 - 780,000
(Litšenyehelo li tla fapana ho latela litšenyehelo tsa sebaka sa basebetsi, ho fetoha ha sekhahla sa phapanyetsano, jj.)
IV. Ke chelete e kae eo tsamaiso ea khoebo e kantle ho marang-rang e ka bolokang likhoebo?
Potso ea ho qetela ea khoebo ke kamehla: "Na e ka boloka chelete ka ho kenya see?"
Karabo ke: e, 'me e na le chelete e ngata ho feta lienjineri tsa diesel.
1. Theko ea motlakase oa khoebo khahlanong le litšenyehelo tsa ho iketsetsa
Linaheng tse ngata:
Theko ea motlakase oa khoebo: 0.15–0.35 USD/kWh
Theko e phahameng ea motlakase: 0.28–0.50 USD/kWh
Ho hlahisa matla a disele: 0.30–0.45 USD/kWh
Matla a letsatsi a khoebo a kantle ho grid: 0.06–0.10 USD/kWh
Lekhalo le hlakile haholo. Litsenyehelo tsa ho iketsetsa letsatsi ke 1 / 3-1 / 4 feela ea theko ea motlakase.
2. Nako ea ho lefa bakeng sa matsete a tsamaiso ea khoebo ntle le marang-rang
Karolelano ea potoloho ea ho hlaphoheloa: lilemo tse 3-6.
Libaka tsa theko e phahameng: E ka khutlisoa ka mor'a lilemo tse 2-4.
V. Ke likhoebo life tse loketseng lisebelisoa tsa solar tsa khoebo tse kantle ho grid?
Maemo a latelang a ts'ebeliso a emela basebelisi ba bohlokoa le ba tloaelehileng ba khoebo ba kantle ho gridi:
Maemo a Ts'ebeliso Hobaneng ha Sistimi ea Off-grid e Hlokahala Boleng bo Fanoang ke Off-grid Solar System
1. Remote Telecom Base Stations • Libaka li hole le ha ho na grid kapa matla a sa tsitsang
• Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa diesel, tsamaiso, le tlhokomelo • Phepelo ea motlakase 24/7
• Phokotso e kholo ea OPEX
• Botšepehi bo ntlafetseng ba marang-rang
3. Bobolokelo, Lipaka tsa thepa, Litsi tsa Cold-chain • Libaka tsa teropo tse nang le marang-rang a fokolang.
• Likamore tse batang li hloka ho tsoela pele ka ho feletseng
• Ho khaoha ho baka tahlehelo e boima ea thepa • Motlakase oa mantlha kapa oa bekapo
• E thibela ho robeha ha ketane e batang
• Ho kuta lipeo ho theola likoloto tsa motlakase
4. Lihotele tsa Sehlekehlekeng, Libaka tsa Litšebeletso tsa Lihlekehleke • Litheko tsa motlakase tsa Sehlekehlekeng 2-3× naha
• Mefuta ea diesel e lerata ebile e bitsa chelete e ngata
• Theko ea matla e etsa phaello • Hloekisa sebaka sa diesel
• OPEX e tlase, meepo e holimo
• Boiphihlelo bo khutsitseng, bo sa tsoakoang, bo betere ba moeti
5. Lifeme le Baetsi ba li-SME (libaka tse sa tsitsang ka gridi) • Ho khaoha ho emisa tlhahiso
• Khafetsa "peak-load shedding"
• Litefiso tsa khoebo li lula li nyoloha • Boikemelo ba matla
• Ho fetola meroalo ho fokotsa litefiso tse phahameng
• E netefatsa tlhahiso e tsoelang pele
6. Libaka tsa Kaho / Merero ea Nakoana • Tlhokahalo e phahameng, ea nako e khuts'oane ea motlakase
• Khokahano ea grid e ea lieha ebile e turu
• Li-genese tsa diesel li lerata le ho silafatsa • Setsi sa motlakase se hloekileng ka potlako
• 40–60 % theko e tlase ea ho sebetsa ha e bapisoa le diesel
• E ka sebelisoa hape, e ka suthisoa kamora hore projeke e felile
VI. Linyeoe tsa 'nete
Case: Romania 500kW/1075kWh le off-grid micro-network storage system
Background:
Romania le libakeng tse haufi, tšebeliso ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla e ntse e eketseha ka potlako, empa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa libaka tsa libaka tsa motlakase li fokola 'me ha li khone le ho finyella litlhoko tsa kaho ea seteishene sa ho tjhaja. E le ho fana ka tlatsetso e tsitsitseng ea matla a matala libakeng tse se nang / motlakase o fokolang, bareki ba sebakeng seo ba rera ho tsamaisa sete ea polokelo ea matla ea photovoltaic ea mobile le mekhoa ea ho tjhaja ho finyella ho tjhaja ha sebele ho tloha-grid le ho romelloa ha ho hlokahala.
Ka hona, tsamaiso ea 500kW / 1075kWh le off-grid microgrid e entsoeng ka photovoltaics, polokelo ea matla le liqubu tsa ho tjhaja e fetohile tharollo e molemo ka ho fetisisa.
Sekala sa ho kenya:
Photovoltaic e kentsoeng bokhoni: 184 kWp · Configuration: 5 photovoltaic inverters Bokhoni ba ho boloka matla: 500 kW/1075 kWh Thepa: 5 100kW/215kWh Likhabinete tsa polokelo ea matla Lijana tsa photovoltaic tsa mobile: 4
Sebopeho sa ho phutha maoto a 10, se loketseng lipalangoang le ho tsamaisoa ka potlako ha litsela tse peli tsa 500kVA STS (static switching switch) li-sets tse 2 ho netefatsa hore ho fetoha ho tsitsitseng le ho se nang moeli pakeng tsa photovoltaics, polokelo ea matla, marang-rang a matla le lijenereithara.
VII. Ke hobane'ng ha e le habohlokoa ho khetha moetsi oa setsebi?
Bothata ba mekhoa ea khoebo ea off-network e phahame haholo ho feta ea mekhoa ea lapeng, 'me ho rarahana ho ka ba ho fihla makhetlo a fetang leshome ho ea ho qetela. Lebaka ke hore merero ea khoebo e kantle ho grid ha ea lokela ho kopana le phepelo ea motlakase ea letsatsi le letsatsi feela, empa hape e ela hloko litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka:
1.Sebopeho sa saense le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea ho hlahisa matla a li-photovoltaic arrays tse kholo
2.Moqapi oa tšireletso le tsamaiso ea mocheso ea tsamaiso ea matla a maholo a polokelo ea matla
3.Load matching le kemiso ea matla boemong ba indasteri le khoebo
4.Ka mor'a hore pavilion e be le motlakase, e na le bokhoni ba ho tsosolosa ka potlako qalo e ntšo.
5.Ho tsitsa ha lisebelisoa tse ngata tse tsamaeang ka tsela e tšoanang
6.Leano la ts'ireletso ka bophara ba sistimi, ho beha leihlo le ho hlophisa logic
Ka lebaka lena, ha ho khethoa litsamaiso tsa off-network, likhoebo li atisa ho khetha bahlahisi ba theknoloji ba nang le phihlelo ea sebele e sebetsang, ho e-na le bafani ba rekisang likarolo tse bonolo feela.
Nka LZY Energy e le mohlala, ke e 'ngoe ea likhoebo tse' maloa indastering tse ka fanang ka "tharollo e le 'ngoe ea off-grid".
Lilemo tse fetang 20 tsa temo e tebileng tšimong ea matla a macha le puisano
Lihlahisoa tsa bafani ba lits'ebeletso tsa lefats'e tsa polokelo ea matla a photovoltaic li koahela polokelo ea matla ea indasteri le ea khoebo, li-module tsa photovoltaic, li-inverters, likhabinete tsa kantle, polokelo ea matla e nkehang le lits'ebetso tse ling tse felletseng ho ts'ehetsa ho romelloa ha 20kW-1MW off-grid le microgrid system.
Ka sistimi e ikemetseng ea taolo ea matla ea EMS, e ka hlokomela kemiso e bohlale le ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matla ho fana ka bokhoni ba phano ea lefats'e le lits'ebeletso tsa botekgeniki.
Ke hantle ka lebaka la matla a hokahanngoa ka botlalo ho tsoa lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele, tlhahiso ho isa ts'ebetsong ea merero eo baetsi ba kang LZY Energy ba ka netefatsang hore lits'ebetso tsa khoebo ntle le marang-rang li ka fihlela ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng, e bolokehileng, ea nako e telele le e tšepahalang.
U ka ithuta haholoanyane ka lihlahisoa tsa bona ka sehokelo se latelang:
Li-module tsa photovoltaic
Lijana tsa photovoltaic tse phuthoang
Libetri tsa polokelo ea matla
Li-inverters tsa khoebo
Ho khetha moetsi oa setsebi ho bolela:
Morero o bolokehile ho feta
Tlhophiso e utloahalang haholoanyane
Sistimi e sebetsa hantle haholoanyane
Tšebeletso ea ka mor'a thekiso e tiisitsoe
Puseletso ea matsete e bonahala esale pele
VIII. Hobaneng ha likhoebo li le bohlokoa ho sebelisa li-solar tsa khoebo tse kantle ho grid?
Kakaretso ea polelo:
Sistimi ea off-grid ea khoebo ha e boloke litefiso tsa motlakase feela, empa hape e thusa likhoebo ho fumana matla a laolehang, a tšoarellang le a sa sitisoeng.
Bakeng sa indasteri efe kapa efe e itšetlehileng haholo ka motlakase, e ka rarolla:
✔ Kotsi ea ho tima motlakase
✔ Theko e phahameng ea tšebeliso ea matla
✔ Mathata a phepelo ea motlakase libakeng tse hole
✔ Mathata a theko e phahameng le a tlhahiso ea lienjine tsa diesel
✔ Peak khatello ea theko ea motlakase
✔ Kotsi ea tšitiso ea tlhahiso le ts'ebetso
Khahlanong le semelo sa lefats'e sa ho phahama ho tsoelang pele ha litheko tsa matla, sena ke letsete le kopanyang katleho ea litšenyehelo, botsitso, ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le boleng ba nako e telele.
Ikopanye le rona ho fumana khotheishene
Haeba u batla tharollo e tšepahalang le e tsitsitseng ea ho fehla motlakase oa letsatsi bakeng sa khoebo ea hau, re ka u fa meralo e felletseng, lits'ebeletso le lits'ebeletso tsa phepelo.
Tobetsa iteanye le rona bakeng sa mantsoe a profeshenale le litlhahlobo tsa morero.