Brithani, ha ho tluoa tabeng ea matla a letsatsi, maikutlo a pele a batho ba bangata ke:
"Ho na le maru haholo ebile ho bata mariha. Matla a letsatsi ha a na thuso ho hang, na?"
Empa se fapaneng ke ’nete.
Mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea photovoltaic e ntse e ka hlahisa motlakase mariha, haholo-holo litsamaiso tsa matla a letsatsi tse kantle ho grid mariha UK. Ka moralo o utloahalang le sebopeho se nepahetseng, li ntse li ka fana ka motlakase o tsitsitseng bakeng sa malapa, matlo a manyenyane, mapolasi kapa li-RV nakong ea mariha. Matla.
Ho qala ho tloha tikolohong ea sebele ea mabone nakong ea mariha UK, sehlooho sena se tla hlalosa ka ho teba hore na litsamaiso tsa letsatsi li sebetsa joang mariha, hore na li tla ameha joang, le hore na u lokela ho etsa moralo oa tsamaiso ea letsatsi e sa sebetseng hantle e ka sebetsanang hantle le mariha joang.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u ntse u phehella ho iphelisa ka matla, u batla ho tlosa ho se tsitse ha marang-rang a matla, kapa u batla ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea matla, sehlooho sena se ka u thusa.
Ke hobane'ng ha malapa a mangata a Brithani a qala ho ela hloko "matla a letsatsi a mariha a tsoang ho grid"?
Lilemong tse peli tse fetileng, thahasello ea Borithane ho litsamaiso tsa motlakase tse kantle ho marang-rang e eketsehile ka potlako. Mabaka a mantlha ke:
1 Ho hloka botsitso ha grid ea motlakase le mathata a ho khaoha ha motlakase
Ho na le lifefo tse ngata le lipula khafetsa mariha UK, 'me ho khaoha ha motlakase le ho fetoha ha motlakase ke mathata a tloaelehileng.
Bakeng sa matlo a mathōko, mapolasi le libaka tsa bolulo tsa mahaeng, ke "tloaelo ea ho khaoha ha motlakase" le ho feta.
Ka hona, malapa a mangata a na le tšepo ea ho ba le matla a motheo a tsitsitseng (mabone, marang-rang, puisano, sehatsetsing, joalo-joalo) mariha.
2 Likoloto tse ntseng li phahama tsa motlakase + tlhokomeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea ho boloka matla
Ho phahama ha nako e telele ea likoloto tsa matla ho entse hore malapa a mangata a be le tšepo ea ho finyella karolo e itseng kapa ho iphelisa ka ho feletseng ka matla a letsatsi + ho boloka matla.
3 Bophelo bo tsitsitseng le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho
Batho ba bangata ba qala ho phela bophelo bo ikemetseng, joalo ka:
Lula ntlong ea lehae kapa lehaeng la phomolo mariha
Mapolasi kapa libaka tsa bolulo tsa mahaeng li na le tšepo ea ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka marang-rang a matla.
Van-life e tsamaea le li-RV selemo ho pota
Basebelisi ba batlang ho ntlafatsa boikemelo ba matla ba malapa a bona
Ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso tsa letsatsi tse kantle ho grid nakong ea mariha e se e le taba ea tlhokomelo.
4 Sistimi ea mariha ntle le marang-rang ha e na theory, empa e ka khonahala ha e le hantle.
Le:
Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa photovoltaic
LiFePO4 betri ea polokelo ea matla
Inverter e bohlale le taolo ea EMS
Mokhoa oa ho boloka matla a motlakase lapeng
Ka botumo, matla a letsatsi a sejoale-joale a se nang marang-rang ha a sa "tšaba mariha", empa a "laoleha + a hlophisehileng".
Leseli le mpe hakae mariha UK? Tikoloho ea sebele e rarahane ho feta kamoo u nahanang kateng.
Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea matla a letsatsi nakong ea mariha, lihlooho tse ngata li bolela feela hore "leseli nakong ea mariha le futsanehile 'me matla a matla a fokotseha".
Empa haeba u hlile u batla ho rala sistimi e kantle ho grid, u tlameha ho utloisisa lintlha tsa 'nete tsa mabone le lintlha tse susumetsang mariha a Borithane.
1. Lihora tse khutšoane tsa motšehare (lihora tse 7-8 feela mariha)
Ha ho bapisoa le lihora tse fetang 16 lehlabula, nako ea motšehare mariha e batla e le khutšoanyane ka halofo.
Sena se bolela hore liphanele tsa photovoltaic li ka hlahisa motlakase ka nako e khutšoanyane.
2. Bophahamo ba letsatsi bo tlase, 'me matla a ho phunyeletsa ha mahlaseli aa fokotseha.
Sebaka sa letsatsi le tlase sepakapakeng mariha, se bakang:
Lehlakore la khanya le ntse le mpefala.
Kotsi ea tšitiso ea eketseha (lifate, matlo le matsoapo a tla etsa meriti e telele)
Matla a fumanoang sebakeng se seng le se seng a fokotsehile.
Hape ke lona lebaka leo ka lona tšekamelo ea mariha e atisang ho ba kholo ho feta lehlabula.
3. Litšobotsi tsa leholimo tsa mariha tsa Brithani: maru, maru, mongobo, pula
Maemo a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa:
Karohano ea khanya ea letsatsi
Matsatsi a tswellang a maru
Tikoloho ea khanya e tlase
Mosi + maru a eketsa ponahalo e pharalletseng
Le hoja li-photovoltaics tsa morao-rao li arabela khanyeng e pharalletseng, matla a tsona a tlhahiso a ntse a le tlaase haholo ho feta a khanya e tobileng.
4. Khakanyo e boima: tlhahiso ea mariha ≈ 20-30% ea lehlabula
| Season | Boemo ba lehodimo / Insolation | Tlhahiso ea Matla a Letsatsi le Letsatsi (e tloaelehileng) |
| Summer | Letsatsi (le-tsa-tsi) /high irradiance | 15 - 20kWh |
| Winter | Leruo (le-ru-la) /low irradiance | 3 - 6kWh |
Sena ha se bolele hore matla a letsatsi ha a sebetse, empa se bolela:
Litsamaiso tse kantle ho grid li tlameha ho boloka matla a eketsehileng le moralo oa ho fokotsa motlakase nakong ea mariha.
Mathata a mantlha a amang matla a solar a kantle ho grid nakong ea mariha
Ha ho bapisoa le tsamaiso ea marang-rang ho ea ho marang-rang, tsamaiso ea off-network e na le litlhoko tse phahameng nakong ea mariha.
Hobane ha u na marang-rang a matla, sistimi e tlameha ho tšepahala le ho ba le polokelo e lekaneng ea matla.
Ha re li arole ka bonngoe ho latela lipotso.
Phephetso ea 1: Phepelo ea motlakase e fokotsehile, 'me fensetere ea ho fehla motlakase e khuts'oane mots'ehare
Ena ke phephetso e kholo ka ho fetisisa mariha.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore na liphanele tsa letsatsi li ntle hakae, kakaretso ea matla a matla nakong ea mariha e tla fokotseha ka mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa.
tharollo:
✔ Eketsa bokhoni bo kentsoeng ba liphanele tsa letsatsi (Oversize PV)
✔ Amohela phanele ea boleng bo holimo ea N-type / TopCon
✔ Eketsa tšekamelo ea phanele (45°–60° e loketse haholoanyane mariha)
✔ Qoba ho koaleha (moriti mariha o telele ho feta lehlabula)
Bothata ba 2: Eketsa khatello ea polokelo ea matla (nako e telele bosiu)
Bosiu mariha bo ka nka lihora tse 16-17.
Haeba basebelisi ba off-network ba se na libeteri tse lekaneng ho boloka matla, ha ho pelaelo hore ho tla ba le boemo ba "ho se be le matla bosiu".
tharollo:
✔ Khetha betri ea boleng bo holimo ea LiFePO4
✔ Eketsa "Matsatsi a Boloka" (Matsatsi a Boipuso ba Mariha) ho isa matsatsing a 1.5-3
✔ Eketsa kholo ea betri (bokhabane bo teng bo ka fokotsoa ka 15-20% ka mocheso o tlase)
Bothata ba 3: Mocheso o tlase o ama ts'ebetso ea betri
Haholo-holo libeteri tse tloaelehileng tsa lithium, bokhoni bo fokotsehile haholo ka mocheso o tlase.
Le hoja LiFePO4 e tsitsitse, ho tjhaja ka tlase ho 0 ° C ho ntse ho lekanyelitsoe.
tharollo:
✔ Sebelisa poleiti ea mocheso o tlase / betri e nang le ts'ebetso ea ho i futhumatsa
✔ Kenya betri ka tlung kapa ka ho incubator
✔ Khetha betri ea BMS e nang le tšireletso ea mocheso o tlase (ho tjhaja le ho itšeha ka mocheso o tlase)
Bothata ba 4: Lehloa, serame le pula li thibela khanya
Leha ho na le leholiotsoana le fokolang UK, serame se bobebe, mongobo le lerōle li ka ama ts'ebetso.
tharollo:
✔ Eketsa tšekamelo ea phanele 'me u lumelle metsi le lehloa hore li thelle ka tlhaho.
✔ Hlahloba le ho hloekisa phanele beke e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe
✔ Qoba ho kenya lithaele
Bothata ba 5: Moroalo oa lelapa o phahamela mariha
Tšebeliso ea motlakase mariha hangata e kholoanyane (mabone, ho futhumatsa le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li nka nako e telele).
Mokhoa oa ho rala sistimi ea letsatsi e kantle ho grid e loketseng mariha UK? (Mehato e sebetsang)
Ena ke karolo eo babali ba amehileng haholo ka eona.
Mohato oa 1: Bala bonyane ba ho fehla motlakase mariha
Ka mohlala:
Palo e lekanang ea khanya ea letsatsi ke lihora tse 1-1.5 feela mariha.
Sisteme ea 4000W e ka hlahisa 3–6 kWh feela ka letsatsi.
Ho kgothaletswa ho hakanya tšebeliso ea tekanyo e fokolang ea bokhoni ba 20-25%.
Mohato oa 2: Hakanya tlhoko ea motlakase ea lelapa nakong ea mariha
ho akarelletsa le:
Sehatsetsi
Router ea marang-rang
Khantša
Mohala oa mohala/notebook
Mofuthu o monyane oa fene ea motlakase (haeba o sebelisoa)
Lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa bolulo ba mahaeng joalo ka lipompo tsa metsi
Ho khothalletsoa ho koahela bonyane mojaro oa mantlha + oa tšohanyetso.
Mohato oa 3: Fumana matla a phanele le matla a betri
Foromo e khothalelitsoeng:
Bokhoni ba betri ea mariha ntle le marang-rang (kWh) = ts'ebeliso ea matla ea letsatsi le letsatsi × matsatsi a 2 ho isa ho a 3
Mohlala, tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea motlakase ea lelapa mariha ke 5 kWh:
→ Bokhoni ba betri bo khothalelitsoeng ke 10–15 kWh (mohaho oa bekapo oa mariha)
Mohato oa 4: Khetha likarolo tse khethehileng tsa mariha / tse lumellanang
ho akarelletsa le:
Likarolo tsa PV tse sebetsang hantle haholo
LiFePO4 betri (e tšehetsa potoloho e tebileng)
Taolo ea maemo a holimo e nang le MPPT
Inverter e tšehetsang mocheso o tlase le mojaro o phahameng (3-5 kW)
Mohato oa 5: Khatiso ea tsamaiso le moralo oa ts'ireletso
Ka mohlala:
Tšireletso ea mocheso o tlase
Thibela ho tsoa ho feta tekano
Anti-overload
Tšireletso ea lag
Ho fetola motlakase ka letsoho/othomathiki
Mehlala ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea matla a letsatsi a tsoang kantle ho grid nakong ea mariha (e ka boleloa ka kotloloho)
E le ho etsa hore motho e mong le e mong a "e etse betere", re fana ka litlhophiso tsa sampole bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng.
Moralo A: Cottage / Ofisi ea Serapa (ea motheo ntle le marang-rang)
Phanele ea letsatsi: 1.5-2 kW
Polokelo ea matla: 5–7 kWh LiFePO4
Inverter: 3 kW
Meroalo e teng: mabone / komporo / marang-rang / lisebelisoa tse nyane tsa motlakase
E loketse bakeng sa: basebelisi ba bonolo, litlhoko tsa backup tsa mariha
Moralo oa B: Matlo a mahaeng / mapolasi a hole (motlakase o tsitsitseng oa ho phela)
Phanele ea letsatsi: 3-5 kW
Ho boloka matla: 10-15 kWh
Inverter: 5-8 kW
Mojaro o teng: lisebelisoa tsa kichineng / sehatsetsi / pompo ea metsi
Mariha polokelo: matsatsi a fetang 2
Plan C: Lehae la Matsatsi a Phomolo ea Mariha / Ntlo ea Khampani (Boemo bo Phahameng ba Polokelo)
Liphanele tsa letsatsi: 2-3 kW
Ho boloka matla: 8-12 kWh
Inverter: 3 kW
Eketsa: jenereithara ea diesel (ea bohlokoa ha e se na baahi ka nako e telele)
Moralo oa D: RV / Van-life (sebaka sa mohala)
Liphanele tsa letsatsi: 300-600 W
Ho boloka matla: 2-5 kWh
Inverter: 1-2 kW
Senotlolo: Betri ea tšireletso ea mocheso o tlase + MPPT e sebetsang hantle haholo
Lintlha tsa tlhokomelo le ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea off-network nakong ea mariha
Lintlha tse latelang ke tsa tlhokomelo tse lokelang ho eloa hloko nakong ea mariha:
✔ Hloekisa phanele khafetsa (lehloa, serame, lerōle, makhasi)
✔ Lekola 'me u boloke tšekamelo e ntle ka ho fetisisa
✔ Lekola mocheso oa betri
✔ Lekola tlhahiso ea matla le tšebeliso ea matla ea sistimi
✔ Matla a standby a ntse a le teng
Moruo oa tsamaiso ea off-grid: Na e ntse e boloka chelete e ngata mariha?
Babali ba bangata ba tla botsa:
"Ts'ebetso e tlase haholo nakong ea mariha. Na e na le molemo oa tsamaiso ea off-network?"
Ha nako e ntse e ea, hangata karabo ke e.
Hobane:
Sistimi ea off-network e fana ka matla a motheo a tsitsitseng.
Phaello e phahameng ea lehlabula e ka fokotsa haholo likoloto tsa motlakase.
Ho boloka matla a mariha ho ka mamella ho tima ha motlakase, lifefo le ho khaoha ha marang-rang.
E loketse bolulo libakeng tse hole
Ntlafatsa boikemelo ba matla (bo sa theko e boima)
Mabapi le litšenyehelo tsa nako ea bophelo ba lilemo tse 5-10, betri ea LiFePO4 + likarolo tse sebetsang hantle haholo ke motsoako o theko e boima ka ho fetisisa.
Ke mang ea loketseng tsamaiso ea mariha ea Brithani ntle le marang-rang?
Basebelisi ba latelang ba loketse haholo:
Bolulo ba polasi / bohole ba mahaeng
Sebaka se sa tsitsang sa marang-rang a matla
Retaway Cottage / Cabin in Forest
Matlo a phomolo a se nang baahi mariha (a hloka ho boloka motlakase oa mantlha)
RV / Camping
Malapa a batlang ho ntlafatsa boikemelo ba matla
Matla a letsatsi nakong ea mariha hase tšitiso, empa ke bothata bo ka rarolloang haeba bo sebetsoa hantle.
U se ke ua hanela matla a letsatsi a sa sebetseng ka lebaka la mariha.
Se hlileng se amang botsitso ba tsamaiso ha se "bata", empa hore na tsamaiso ea tsamaiso e nepahetse, hore na polokelo ea matla e lekane, le hore na phanele e kenngoa hantle.
Ka moralo o nepahetseng, matla a letsatsi a kantle ho grid a ntse a ka sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'epahalang mariha UK, ho fana ka lehae la hau ka:
Motlakase o tsitsitseng
Boloka litšenyehelo tsa matla
Boipuso bo phahameng
Ho hanyetsa kotsi
Rea u amohela ho botsa le ho ithuta haholoanyane. Sehlopha sa rona sa litsebi se tla u fa tlhahlobo ea mahala le ho theha moralo oa matla a letsatsi a letsatsi.